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雅思写作这些词别误用别用错

2024-01-16 17:22:17 编辑:无 浏览:(57次)

一、assume及claim使用不够准确

 

我们知道, think, assume, claim是议论文中常用引出观点的动词。在实际作文中,同学们往往认为几个词的意思是一样的,完全可以代换,所以拿过来就用。甚至还有同学把consider也拿过来与之混用。我们首先还是从定义来看这几个词的不同:

 

Think: to have opinion or belief about sth。

 

翻译为“认为”,通常接宾语从句来表达比较确定的观点。

 

Assume: to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it。

 

翻译为“设、定”,是否有事实依据是不确定的。

 

Claim: to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it。

 

翻译为“声称”,用这个词往往意味着不赞同紧跟其后的观点,所以很少用作 ‘I claim that…

 

Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact, …。

 

所以 ‘It is claimed that’ 通常翻译为“有报道称。。。”。和‘it is reported that ’的区别在于后者翻译为“据报道”,往往代表着作者赞同报告的内容,

 

Consider: to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision

 

翻译为“考虑”,一般不用作引出观点,看个例子:

 

We are considering buying a new car。

 

二、介词使用错误

 

1、普通介词的误用

 

一般表现为固定搭配错误,如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等,虽然这样的错误看似无伤大雅,但在考官眼里就是影响顺畅阅读的,当然会影响终成绩。解决的办法简单而古老:把常见的固定搭配牢记于心,问题自然就解决了。

 

2、“to”作为介词的误用

 

“to”常见的用法是以动词不定式符号的形式出现的,所以同学们也已经习惯了 “to do”的固定搭配。对于一些如walk to me, to the left等介词to表方向等常见用法一般也不会出现错误。但是对于与动词搭配的介词to就会经常犯错:

 

如:More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them。

 

这里的 ‘take to’ means ‘to begin to do sth as a habit’ 其中 ‘to’为介词,所以后面只能接名词或相当于名词的词,如动名词。所以黑体处应改为“depending on”。“take to”的另一个常用用法也需要牢记:

 

He hasn’t taken to his new school. (这里‘take to’ means ‘to start liking sb or sth’)

 

Prefer A to B中的 “to”也是介词,会有 prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else, 这里雅思中国网海外考试研究中心提醒您,“prefer to do sth rather than do sth”中的“to”可是真正的不定式符号。

 

类似的常用用法请同学们牢记:

 

Be used to doing

 

Be accustomed to doing

 

See to doing

 

Adapt to doing

 

Adjust to doing

 

prefer doing sth. to doing sth。